Chai, C.S., Koh, E., Lim, C. P. & Tsai, C.-C. (2014).  Deepening ICT integration through multilevel design of technological pedagogical content knowledge. Journal of Computers in Education, 1, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-014-0002-1

Abstract:

“This paper reflects upon the ICT integration efforts of the last two decades. It reviews major frameworks that have been employed to make sense of ICT integration, and argues for a more significant change among educators at all levels given the pervasiveness of ICT in today’s society. An expanded version of the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge is proposed as a theoretical framework for creating new knowledge and innovative practices for ICT integration in educational settings.”